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Fortress and town called Doboj are placed in North Bosnia, where mountains of Balkan are gently descending to the lowlands of Panonija. This area, where rivers Spreča and Usora are entering river Bosna, is with no doubt, central part if a wider area southern from river Sava, down the valley of river Bosna. Geo-strategical importance of this area is the main reason for establishment of the fortress, from which town Doboj developed through time. Town grew up, thanking to communication knot made by three valleys. Doboj came up to a first plan in second half of 19th century, when transport was based mainly to river valleys. Only through this area, it was possible to make a crossroad for rail and road traffic. Communication is opportunity for Doboj and fortress was always its necessity. In its long lasting history, fortress on the rocky hill was not developing constantly and continuously. Risings and falls of the fortress were dictated by often, even too often, war occasions, which usually lasted longer than peace. Walls and shape of the fortress were dictated by the development of war technology, so new towers and defending walls were upgraded through time. It’s been a whole century that researchers are writing about fortress and town, looking at the development and architecture, meanings, defending functions, characteristics and purpose of its buildings.