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Photographer’s Note

Etretat is a commune in the department of Seine-Maritime in the Haute-Normandie region in France.

Formerly a modest fishing village, Etretat is today a renowned resort. It is located north of Le Havre in Normandy on the coast of the Channel country of Caux. The awesome and monumental cliffs of white chalk almost pristine beaches gray pebbles have been a landmark of international tourism. Painters like Gustave Courbet, Eugène Boudin and Claude Monet contributed greatly to its publicity, by immortalizing specificity. Writers like Gustave Flaubert and Guy de Maupassant have been faithful in the place while Maurice Leblanc, in an adventure entitled The Lupine hollow needle, will contribute to the myth surrounding the site.

The site of the cliffs of Etretat achieved its ranking in the Program Operations Great Sites (OGS), led by the Ministry of Ecology and Sustainable Development.
The cliffs at Etretat are composed of Cretaceous limestone, which means chalk, and not like the Jurassic of Calvados is an oolitic limestone of yellow tint. It differs from the regular strata of flints, which explains the presence of pebbles on the beach. Indeed, following the collapse of sections of cliff, limestone and flint are in contact with sea water dissolves the limestone and wave action polished flint into the rollers. Note also the absence of sandstone unlike the northern department of Seine-Maritime, near Dieppe, where the coast is lower. Further north, towards the Tréport the confines of Normandy and Picardy, are the highest cliffs of limestone that can reach 110 m (90 m at Etretat). At the foot of the cliffs, there is the presence of debris coming from the collapse of whole sections of limestone. In fact, rainwater seeps into the porous limestone mine and the rock, frost action can be added to this destructive phenomenon. Comparatively, although liability is also established in the process of destruction of cliffs eroding the basic action of the sea is less.

The existence of three successive arches: the upper gates, gate Downstream and Manneporte not originally linked to sea erosion, but the action of a coastal river parallel to the range that has incised into the cliff before the decline of the latter, embodied by the "needle" of a harder limestone which has prevented its final dissolution, hence the creation of extraordinary nature. Then, the sea has widened the arches, giving the site the appearance we know today.

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Additional Photos by Yves Triga (Yves-triga) Gold Star Critiquer/Silver Workshop Editor/Gold Note Writer [C: 420 W: 38 N: 336] (3312)
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