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The Centro ("Downtown") is a neighbourhood of the downtown area of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It represents the financial heart of the city, and the crux of the Central Region.
Despite still having a large number of residences, the neighborhood is predominantly commercial. It has historical buildings as well as modern skyscrapers. Their residential areas are mainly along Rua do Riachuelo and Castelo. It is the historic centre and financial centre of the city.
Sites of interest include the Paço Imperial, Candelária Church, the Old Cathedral of Rio de Janeiro, and the modern-style Saint Sebastian's Cathedral. Around Marechal Floriano Square, there are several landmarks of the Belle Époque such as the Municipal Theatre and the National Library building. The Centro area also has several museums such as the National Museum of Fine Arts and the National Historical Museum.
Other important historical attractions in downtown Rio include its Passeio Público, an 18th-century public garden, as well as the imposing arches of the Carioca Aqueduct. A "bondinho" (tram) leaves from a station near Saint Sebastian's Cathedral, crosses the aqueduct (converted to a tram viaduct in 1896) and rambles through the hilly streets of the Santa Tereza neighbourhood nearby. Downtown remains the heart of the city's business community. Some of the largest companies in Brazil have their head offices here, including Petrobras, Eletrobras, and Vale. Most of Rio's skyscrapers, especially the tallest ones, are located in this neighbourhood. Crowded from monday to friday, it becomes empty at saturdays, sundays, and holidays.

source: wikipedia

In this photo we can see important buildings, from the left to the right we have:

1. Ventura Corporate Tower (a a very new 36 floors building)
2. Rio de Janeiro Cathedral (see complementary photo from the inside of the church),
3. BNDES building (Banck of National Development, the black bulding)
4. Petrobrás building (Petrobras - Biggest brazilian petroleum company),
5. Banco do Brasil (on of the biggest state-owned bank of Brasil).