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Photographer’s Note

In the 1700’s and early 1800’s, Durham boats similar to these reproductions were used to haul goods between the upper reaches of the Delaware River and the city of Philadelphia. These boats reached lengths of 60 feet (18 m) and some of them could carry loads weighing as much as 20 tons (18,000 kg) going downstream. The load upstream would, of course, be considerably lighter.

These boats floated downstream with the river’s current with the aid of oars. Moving the boats upstream took considerably more effort: they were propelled by setting poles into the water. On the sides of each boat were walking boards on which the boatmen stood to guide the boats upstream. Two members of the crew would stand at the front end of the boats on opposite sides and place their poles into the river bottom at the same time. They would then walk on those boards to the rear of the boat pushing it forward. While they rapidly returned to the front of the boat to repeat the process, a third crewman used a pole to keep the boat from floating back downstream.

When the wind was favorable, sails enabled the boats to move upstream. At one time there were several hundred of these boats operating on the Delaware River. Often they moved together in fleets of as many as 25 boats and would make a beautiful sight moving upriver when their sails were up.

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Additional Photos by Linda Richters (richtersl) Gold Star Critiquer/Gold Star Workshop Editor/Gold Note Writer [C: 1194 W: 588 N: 848] (3544)
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