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The rice is after the wheat the cultivated cereal more in the World and one of oldest, being impossible to determine with the time where if it started to cultivate it, admitting itself that it has been in the south of India, will have passed to China; remaining portions of rice in the valley of Yang Tsé Kiang had been discovered, that retrace about 3 4,000 years A.C. Of remaining portion its propagation passed the Asian Southeast all, and its introduction in the Europe will have it Great Alexander, in invasion of the Ìndia; however the expansion of the culture of the rice must it the Arabs who in century IV A.C had introduced it in the Egipto, and daqui to the coast north of Africa and mediterrânica basin. In century XV its culture was spread out for the actuais zones of culture of Italy and France. With the discovery of the maritime way for the India, the Portuguese had brought rice, spreading its culture for Africa occidental person, and South America, mainly in Brazil. Its culture in Portugal, was already cited in the reign of D. Dinis, and currently it cultivates yourself mainly in the basins of the rivers Mondego, Tejo, Sorraia, Sado and Guadiana; the annual production in Portugal is of about 150.000 tons, in a world-wide production of the order of the 560 million tons, of that world-wide the producing greater is China with almost 200 million tons year, and world-wide the exporting greater is the Thailand, that exports seven times more than the totality of the production of the European Union. Innumerable varieties of rice exist, that if group in two main qualities: The rice Indicas, more known for rice needle, given its proper configuration, rice of narrow and long grains; producing itself little in Portugal, which had to the climatic conditions, it is in ours in case that, deriving mainly of the Caraíbas and United States of America; still in this type of rice englobe the "Basmati Rice", considered the prince of the arrozes, that possess an only taste and aroma, fruit of the only microclimate of the zone of the Himalaias, where it is produced. The arrozes Japónicas, known as carolino rice, rice of narrow or oblong grains, being the most looked for in Portugal, producing itself also in Italy, France and Greece
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