Photos

Photographer’s Note

Following the Treaty of Fontainebleau, French emperor Napoleon Bonaparte was exiled to Elba when overthrown (the first time), inspiring the famous palindrome: "Able was I ere I saw Elba".

------------------------------------------------------

Napoleon stayed on Elba for 9 months and 21 days, being given the title "Emperor." Although he was nominally sovereign of Elba, the island was watched (more or less) by British naval patrols. Napoleon eventually escaped Elba and returned to France on February 26 for a Hundred Days before being exiled again this time to the South Atlantic island of Saint Helena, where he died. French troops landed on the island on June 17, 1944.

------------------------------------------------------


A palindrome is a word, phrase, number or other sequence of units (such as a strand of DNA) that has the property of reading the same in either direction (the adjustment of punctuation and spaces between words is generally permitted). The word "palindrome" comes from the Greek palin (παλιν) "back" and dromos (δρóμος) "way, direction". Composing literature in palindromes is an example of constrained writing.

"ΝΙΨΟΝΑΝΟΜΗΜΑΤΑΜΗΜΟΝΑΝΟΨΙΝ" on fountains; in mixed case with modern accents and divided into words this reads "Νίψον ανομήματα μη μόναν όψιν" ("Nipson anomēmata mē monan opsin"), meaning "Wash the sin as well as the face" (ps, ψ, is the single Greek letter psi).

SATOR AREPO TENET OPERA ROTAS (sometimes called the sator square) is a Latin palindrome, the words of which, when written in a square, may be read top-to-bottom, bottom-to-top, left-to-right, and right-to-left, as illustrated here. It's an example of word square.

S A T O R
A R E P O
T E N E T
O P E R A
R O T A S

The five words translate as follows:

Sator
'Sower', 'planter'
Arepo
Likely a proper name; its similarity with arrepo, from ad repo, 'I creep towards', is coincidental
Tenet
'hold'
Opera
'work', 'care', 'effort'
Rotas
'wheels'
Two possible translations of the phrase are 'The sower Arepo holds the wheels with effort' and 'The sower Arepo leads with his hand (work) the plough (wheels).'

------------------------------------------------------


Image of Marciana Alta a small medieval village on the mountains of Isola d'Elba at 375 meters. It is one of the oldest settlement of the island.
The sister town, Marciana Marina, an harbour on the coast, was evacuated in case of war or pirates, and the population found refuge at Marciana Alta.

Photo Information
Viewed: 2179
Points: 68
Discussions
Additional Photos by Paolo Motta (Paolo) Gold Star Critiquer/Gold Star Workshop Editor/Gold Note Writer [C: 4211 W: 150 N: 9201] (40755)
View More Pictures
explore TREKEARTH