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Photographer’s Note

Windmill from the Great Plain

The aim of founding the Szentendre Open Air Museum was to present folk architecture, interior decoration, farming and way of life in the Hungarian language area from the 2nd half of the 18th century to the 1st half of the 20th century, through original and authentic objects, relocated houses arranged in old settlement patters. The more and more elaborate settlement plan appropriates the relocation of more than 400 edifices into the museum, arranged into village-like regional units on the basis of ethnographical considerations.

Great Plain region

The Great Hungarian Plain is generally considered as the typical Hungarian region. The best known Hungarian words all over the world – puszta, csárda, betyár, gulyás, paprika – have theri origins here. Specific natural formations of this territory are the bleak flatland with its alkaline soil, the mirage, the sand drift, or the shallow waters and thick reeds providing home for a colourful birds.
The geographical units of the Great Plain are situated between the rivers Danube and Tisza, the Trans-Tisza territory and the Banat. Its middle regions thickly interspersed with small villages were on the course of campaigns and lost their population several times during the middle ages.
The development of market towns in the plains started in the 14-15th centuries. The Turkish occupation and later the liberating fights in the whole region resulted in the repeated destruction and large number of emigrants. Resettlement of the depopulated areas began in the 1730s. The new immigrants arrived mainly from the northern part of the historic Hungary; most of them were Slovakians but German-speaking settlers also came from the provinces of the German Empire.

Windmill, Dusnok

Oral tradition says that the mill stood originally in the Miskei-Puszta, until Pál Facskó bought it and built it up in Dusnok. The inscription incised in the big cogged wheel informs us about the most important data: 1888 május 6 a Holkovics János csinálta Facskó Pál (6 May 1888, Holkovics János made it - translation). The support beam of the shaft of the same wheel, however, displays the year 1885, which means either that the mill had been built during a longer period or that the parts came from several places. After the death of Pál Facskó the mill passed into the hands of Imre Bogárdi and Mátyás Ambrus. They sold it to János Koprivánacz in 1926. He tried his luck in America at the beginning of the 20th century and when he resettled, he bought the mill with the money saved in America. He hoped for making a good living with the mill. At the beginning the mill yielded a profit, but was soon left behind because it could not compete with mills with modern technology. After the death of János Koprivánacz, his brother Peter inherited the mill. The communists prohibited the operation in the mill in 1950 and after this year, milling took place illegally and later the mill was used as dwelling house.
Depending on the wind, the mill ground 12-8 metric centners of wheat a day. The sail turned 10-3 times in a minute and the grinding stone turned 8,8 times with each rotation of the sail. (Source: skanzen.hu)

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Additional Photos by George Rumpler (Budapestman) Gold Star Critiquer/Gold Note Writer [C: 5849 W: 0 N: 11903] (42128)
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