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Photographer’s Note

Western Transdanubia

The buildings in the regional unit are from the Őrség (Vas County), the banks of the Rába, and from the fringes of Hetés and Göcsej (Zala County). They reflect 19th century peasant culture in the region.
After the Magyar conquest of Hungary the inhabitants of the area were settled here to guard the uninhabited strip of marches. This borderland society was later augmented by "castle-people" of mixed legal status from the royal fortresses. In the 13th-14th centuries, with the disintegration of the old defence system for the frontiers, and the abolition of the system of várispánság (large territory around a royal fort governed by an ispán) some of the frontier guards and castle-people became serfs. Others were ennobled in recognition of their services.
Harsh natural conditions, too, had their influence on the fate of, and the way of life developed by, people who had found home here. The undulating hilly land, mostly under forest, determined the pattern of settlements. On hilltop clearings "szers", clusters of buildings, 5-10 of which formed an administrative unit, came into being. On the flat banks of rivers and brooks, in the vicinity of marshy areas, villages arranged in streets evolved.

Belfry, Felsőszenterzsébet

The 114 Protestant and 13 Catholic inhabitants of a small village, Felsőszenterzsébet erected in 1778 the structure of carved pine logs, standing on oak sills and covered with shingles. The date can be read on the small openwork tin flag on the peak of the roof. The bell has come from nearby Métnekpuszta.
For the builders and their descendants the bell symbolised the cementing force that determined the rhythm of their life on holidays and weekdays alike. On Sundays and holidays it summoned the congregation for prayer. It tolled when somebody died in the village. They rang the bell during funerals and rang it when there was danger, when fire broke out. It told the time. The peals of dawn called people to work and they went to bed after the evening bell. Danger, grief, joy were all for the bell to announce as it does even today. Hamlets, which could not rise a church, constructed such or similar structures for a bell, no village could be left without.

Dwelling house, Baglad

The house, relocated from a small village behind the beyond in the marshy flatlands along the River Kerka, used to stand in a small square with a belfry in front of it, just as it does in the Museum.
The log house, topped by a wide, half-hipped roof resting on a ridge beam supported by scissors beams, was built for Péter Zakál of minor gentry extraction in the middle of the 19th century. The chimneyless kitchen was rid of smoke in the early 1930s. At that time Károly Varga, his wife Anna Zakál, and their six children occupied the house. They had a well-managed farm of 15 holds, and Károly Varga was elected mayor of the village.

(Source: skanzen.hu)

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Additional Photos by George Rumpler (Budapestman) Gold Star Critiquer/Gold Note Writer [C: 5740 W: 0 N: 11584] (40914)
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