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Photographer’s Note

I was surprised to see extensive graffiti beside the Roman Agora along the road to the Acropolis. I'll post details of some of the works in the WS.

I saw much less graffiti in Copenhagen & Oslo where I also saw a LOT of pregnant woman and small children. Aside from religious motivation, I think a willingness to have children indicates confidence in one’s society. I wondered if graffiti is related to dissatisfaction with one’s society. When I checked, the birthrate is rising in the Scandinavian countries while it is declining in Athens.
Then, as I read about Byzantine Churches being built of ancient temples (temples were saved from being torn down by being turned into churches); churches in turn became mosques, and then returned to churches. I wondered if graffiti was based on the impulse to destroy another’s valued symbols. However, further research revealed that there is official support for graffiti by the Athens authorities. Carpe Diem with the cooperation of Culture Ministry of Greece organized, the project Chromopolis during the Cultural Olympiad 2001-2004 to promote alternative forms of culture like graffiti.
Graffiti.org explains that the name comes from an Italian term for a method of ornamenting architectural plaster or pottery by etching into it - graffito, "little writing They say that “For many graffiti is synonymous with urban degeneration and is a sign of gang presence.” But they argue strongly for the artistic merit of graffiti: “An artistic movement more than thirty years strong…Its imagery is inspired by mass culture, defined by bright bold colors, strong sweeping lines, and emphasis on three-dimensionality. .. The very illegality of graffiti informs its aesthetics, subject matter, and even motivation. Stealth and speed are of the essence. Spraypaint and paint markers became the medium of choice, as one can apply large amounts of paint quickly...To a graffiti writer… blank walls are ugly and repressive… There is (also) an element of rebellion in graffiti-a protest through the defacement of property.”
A San Francisco blogger presents the protest view well when discussing an advertising agency’s ‘public service’ campaign to eradicate graffiti. He finds the anger aroused in the graffiti community ironic because advertising and graffiti have much in common. Like billboards, bench advertising, and flyers, graffiti art meets you on the street where you live. Depending on its content, it may be designed to elicit shock, anger, amusement, joy, desire, or introspection. While graffiti styles and techniques may be exportable to the gallery, the civic mural, and even the artist's canvas, many graffiti writers would agree with the belief that true graffiti is illegal by definition…In this view, graffiti is a protest against everything every successful ad agency stands for: the control of public space, the standardization of the environment, and the permission-based control of communication…It is transparently class-based: consider a commercial where the happy housewife boasts about how "clean" the servicemen are who come to clean the carpets in her spacious and otherwise spotless home. She isn't cruel so much as pathologically insensitive, and her steam-cleaned existence speaks to a dominant culture that runs roughshod over many in its pursuit of narrowly defined goals. This writer defends the stylized writing of one’s name as a protest by saying, ‘”The political nature of the act itself takes much of the pressure off of writers to supply politically-charged content; the accusation is implicit in the act, and the resulting image can be purely ornamental and still carry the same weight.”
Both of these graffiti sites, argue for the artistic merit of writing one’s name (tag) in a stylized fashion maintaining that the only distinguishing factor is illegality and not in any recognizeable message. However, one key element missing in both of these discussions is notoriety. Property can be defaced without leaving a signed confession. Further the failure to discriminate between a tag and a mural ignores the relative weight of individuality and the community. A tag glorifies the individual while a mural, not only is frequently accomplished by a group; but it presents a community or a social issue.

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Additional Photos by Pat Lim (plimrn) Gold Star Critiquer/Gold Star Workshop Editor/Gold Note Writer [C: 4092 W: 233 N: 6357] (19872)
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