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Abu Simbol

The great temple of Abu Simbol and the smaller temple of Hathor, Workshop 2, were carved out of a mountainside on the West Bank of the Nile River in the 13th Century B. C. The great temple, Workshop 1, was build to honor Ramses II. Its 33 meter high facade with four statues of Ramses II was intended to impress and frighten while the purpose of the interior was to reveal the union of god and the king.

The temple of Hathor was built by Ramses II to honor his beloved wife, Nefertari. Statues of Nefertari, as goddess Hathor, alternate with statues of Ramses II on the face of Queen Nefertari’s temple.

Over the centuries both the Nile River and the desert sands shifted until the temple was lost. It was rediscovered in 1813 by the Swiss explorer Jean-Louis Burkhardt. By 1817, the sand was cleared away by Giovanni Belzoni. Only three of the four statues of Ramses II were found standing. The inner left statue had collapsed and was left on the ground.

In the 1960s as Lake Nasser threatened to engulf the temples, UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization) cut them from the cliff and moved them to an artificial cliff 210 meters back and 65 meters higher than their original position.

Abu Simbol is approximately 280 kilometers South of Aswan. It is a small village famous for the temples.

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Additional Photos by Betty Jones (BWJ) Gold Star Critiquer/Gold Note Writer [C: 368 W: 0 N: 569] (1771)
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